{"id":1,"date":"2022-11-03T21:34:22","date_gmt":"2022-11-03T21:34:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/mublog.net\/?p=1"},"modified":"2024-01-05T15:19:33","modified_gmt":"2024-01-05T15:19:33","slug":"siir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mublog.net\/index.php\/2022\/11\/03\/siir\/","title":{"rendered":"\u015eiir<\/em> s\u00f6z\u00fcn S\u00fcmer ve T\u00fcrk dillerindeki tohumlar\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

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  1. \u015eiir \u2013 \u015eark\u0131 \u2013 S\u00f6z<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    1.1 \u015eiir s\u00f6z\u00fcn tan\u0131mlamalar\u0131<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    S\u00f6zl\u00fckteki bilgiye g\u00f6re \u015fiir<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    duygulardan, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerden, d\u00fc\u015flerden, \u00f6zlemlerden vb. s\u00fcz\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ya\u015fant\u0131 birikimleri olarak, ozanlar\u0131n, s\u00f6zc\u00fcklerin s\u00f6zl\u00fck anlamlar\u0131na kimi zaman de\u011fi\u015fik anlamlar da y\u00fckleyerek, dil i\u00e7inde \u00f6zel bir dil yaratarak olu\u015fturduklar\u0131, imgelerden, simgelerden, s\u00f6z sanatlar\u0131ndan, ritimden, uyumdan vb. yararlanarak ortaya koyduklar\u0131, okurda estetik duygular uyand\u0131ran<\/em> yaz\u0131n \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u015eiir tan\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n sentezini yapan Do\u011fan Aksan’a g\u00f6re ise \u015fiir<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u201cGerek i\u00e7erik ve \u00f6z, gerekse s\u00f6ze d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrme, sunulu\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6zg\u00fcn, etkilemeye, duyguland\u0131rmaya<\/em> y\u00f6nelik, yarat\u0131 niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131yan bir s\u00f6z sanat\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc\u201dd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    [\u015eiir Dili ve T\u00fcrk \u015eiir Dili, Engin Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, \u0130stanbul 1993]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Yahya Kemal Beyatl\u0131 gerek el\u00e7i olmas\u0131ndan gerek yo\u011fun ilgisi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 hem bat\u0131 hem do\u011fu k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc iyi bilen bir \u015fairimizdir. Ya\u015fam boyunca hi\u00e7bir \u015fiir kitab\u0131 yay\u0131mlamam\u0131\u015f kendisi, s\u00fcrekli her eserin daha m\u00fckemmel olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u015fiir konusunda da edebi yorumlar\u0131n\u0131 ustaca b\u00fcy\u00fck bir titizlik ve incelikle dile getirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde naz\u0131m ve nesir yaz\u0131 t\u00fcrleri anlat\u0131m tarzlar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan birbirlerine gitgide benzemi\u015fken \u015fairimiz cumhuriyetin kurulu\u015fu d\u00f6neminde bu ikisini ayr\u0131 kategoriye sokup somut bir \u015fekilde tan\u0131mlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u015eiir, rythme y\u00e2ni naz\u0131m sanat\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in g\u00fcfteden \u00f6nce bir bestedir. M\u0131sr\u00e2lar\u0131nda na\u011fme hissedilmeyen bir manz\u00fbme s\u00e2dece bir g\u00fcftedir ki onu nesir s\u00e2has\u0131na atar\u0131z.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    [Yahya Kemal Beyatl\u0131, Edebiyata dair, S. 7]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f itibariyle \u015fiiri \u015fiir k\u0131lan na\u011fme oldu\u011fundan \u015fiir ve \u015fark\u0131 birbirlerine \u00e7ok yak\u0131n oldu\u011funu anl\u0131yoruz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    1.2 S\u00fcmer ve T\u00fcrk dillerinde “\u015fiir” ve “\u015fark\u0131” s\u00f6zleri<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Edebiyat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n yorumlar\u0131 yan\u0131nda dil arkeoloji ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 da \u015fiir<\/em> s\u00f6z\u00fcndeki \u015fark\u0131 anlam\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcn \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131yor. Bug\u00fcn S\u00fcmer dilinde \u0161ir <\/em>“\u015fark\u0131” anlam\u0131na geldi\u011fini biliyoruz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Yar\u0131m as\u0131r \u00f6ncesi bilimciler \u0161ir<\/em> s\u00f6z\u00fcn Akadca \u015feru<\/em> s\u00f6z\u00fcnden al\u0131nt\u0131 oldu\u011funu \u00f6ne s\u00fcr\u00fcyordu. \u00d6rne\u011fin:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    It may be presumed that Akk. <\/em>\u0161eru \u2018song\u2019 <\/em>entered Sumerian …<\/em> and is the source of the common Sumerian word  \u0161 i r  \u2018song, poetic composition\u2019 ..<\/em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    [Anne Draffkorn Kilmer, Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, Vol. 115, No. 2 (Apr. 22, 1971), s. 143]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Bir \u00e7eyrek as\u0131r sonra Akadca s\u00f6zl\u00fcg\u00fcnde “\u015feru” giri\u015finde \u015fu yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                   \u0161eru(m) <\/strong>III <\/strong>“song, chant” ..;  also a musical interval;  < Sum<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    [A Concise Dictionary of Akkadian<\/strong>; ed. by J. Black, A. George, N.Postgate; 2nd (corrected) printing; 2000; Harrassowitz Verlag; Wiesbaden]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Bu giri\u015fte “< Sum” k\u0131saltmas\u0131 “\u015feru” kavram\u0131 S\u00fcmerceden geliyor demektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Bizim \u00f6nde gelen tarih\u00e7ilerimizden \u0130smail Hami Dani\u015fmend<\/em> bu olgunun ipucular\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7ok daha \u00f6nce “Tarihi Hakikatler” adl\u0131 eserinde vermi\u015fti:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u00c7ivi yaz\u0131s\u0131 dedi\u011fimiz ideogramlar sistemindeki \u015fekillerden, biri S\u00fcmer dilinin de\u011fi\u015fik leh\u00e7elerinde Sur<\/em> “\u015eark\u0131 s\u00f6ylemek” ve \u0160ir<\/em> “\u015eark\u0131” telaffuzlar\u0131n\u0131 verir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Sonraki T\u00fcrk leh\u00e7elerinde mana bak\u0131m\u0131ndan hi\u00e7 bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik g\u00f6stermeyen bu k\u00f6k, fonetik bak\u0131mdan ba\u015fses itibar\u0131yla “y\/c\/\u00e7\/s” de\u011fi\u015fikliklerini g\u00f6stermekle birlikte ortases S\u00fcmercedeki  “e\/i\/\u00fc” de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fine kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k “i\/\u0131\/a\/\u00fc” de\u011fi\u015fimleri arz etmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    T\u00fcrk dillerinden Sor, Teleut ve K\u0131rg\u0131z leh\u00e7elerinde “sar” k\u00f6k\u00fcyle bundan \u00e7\u0131kan sar\u0131n kelimesi t\u0131pk\u0131 S\u00fcmercedeki “\u0161ir\/sur” k\u00f6k\u00fcnde oldu\u011fu gibi “\u015eark\u0131” ve “\u015eark\u0131 s\u00f6ylemek” kavramlar\u0131n\u0131 ifade etmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Yine bu k\u00f6k\u00fcn di\u011fer leh\u00e7elerdeki bi\u00e7imleri de \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Karaim<\/p>\n\n\n\n